Реферат на тему Basic features of semantic relationships in conversion

Содержание:

INTRODUCTION 3

1. The essence of the concept of word formation 4

2. Characteristics of conversion in English 7

3. Semantic relationships in conversion 8

CONCLUSION 15

REFERENCES 16

Введение:

Researchers provide numerous data on conversion performance in English, both at the synchronous and diachronic levels, and consider this method of word formation as one of the most productive, and therefore the main, methods of English word formation, the study of which greatly contributes to the identification of internal laws. and trends in the development of the word-formation process in the English language as a whole.

Conversion is one of the main sources of replenishment of the English vocabulary and there are almost no formal morphological restrictions for it. Conversion is a phenomenon that exists in many languages, but English language conversion is especially widespread due to the analytical structure of the language.

Foreign linguists began to study the phenomenon of conversion, interpreting it in different ways: first, from the standpoint of the grammatical (E. Metzner, G. Sweety, O. Espersen), and later, the word-formation approach (in the works of G. Marchand). Much attention is also paid to conversion in modern linguistic literature. These are the works of V. Kaliushchenko, I. Baron, A. Dikusarov, D. Kastovsky.

The goal of the library research is to study basic features of semantic relationships in conversion.

Based on the goal, the following tasks were set:

1. Consider the essence of the concept of word formation.

2. Reveal the essence of conversion in English.

3. Describe the main features of semantic relationships in conversion.

 

Заключение:

An analysis of the work of modern domestic and foreign researchers in the field of English language conversion allows us to draw the following conclusions:

1. Conversion is a multifaceted phenomenon in the linguistic literature of the 20th-21st centuries, however, its derivational nature is still the subject of controversy. Some linguists find conversion morphological, others morphological-syntactic or purely syntactic means of word formation.

2. Conversion is one of the most common ways to create neologisms in modern English. During the conversion, a new word is formed without quantitative changes in the main form of the word and without involving any linear word-building elements. Conversion is characteristic of the English language due to its analytical structure, the almost complete absence of morphological indicators of parts of speech in it.

3. During conversion, the formation of new words occurs according to word-building models, which imply certain types of semantic relationships between the main and derivative words. Conversion relations can cover from two to six words of different parts of speech that are in derivative relations.

4. Being a productive means of word formation at almost all stages of the development of the English language, conversion became even more active in connection with the formation of the information technology language in the mid-1990s. Not all conversion units that are actively functioning in modern speech are recorded in dictionaries, but they are regularly registered in electronic corpora of the English language.

 

Фрагмент текста работы:

1. The essence of the concept of word formation

In modern linguistics, the term «word formation» means a branch of science that studies the process of creating new lexical units. The subject of the study of word formation is «the study of the process of creating new lexical units and the means by which this process occurs (suffixes, prefixes, infixes, etc.). Word formation occupies an important place not only in the grammar of the English language, but also in lexicology, phonetics and other linguistic sciences» [1; p. 92-94].

An analysis of theoretical works on the theory of word formation allows us to single out the following main areas of its study: ontological and cognitive. In each of the directions, different approaches to the interpretation of word formation in the English language are distinguished, which is due to the choice of the subject of study, the focus on one or another aspect of word formation and the dominant linguistic paradigm.

So, within the framework of the ontological direction, morphological and structural-semantic approaches are distinguished.

Within the framework of the morphological method, the morphological characteristics of the components of a derived word as a part of speech and as a syntactic atom are determined, and ways of word formation are identified, such as: affixation, compounding, contraction of various types, conversion, reversion, borrowings. In line with the morphological theory, the productivity of certain methods of word formation is also studied. Two main approaches to the definition of productivity are distinguished: quantitative (description of the quantitative derivatological characteristics of a word) and qualitative (description of the qualitative derivatological characteristics of the word) [2; p. 143-144].

L. Demyanova explores the influence of sociolinguistic factors on productivity in word formation, namely age, gender, education, profession, language, previous linguistic experience, etc. [18].

The structural-semantic approach is aimed at studying the structure of word-building models and determining the semantics of derived bases.