Курсовая теория на тему Проблемы интеграции в постсоветском пространстве

Содержание:

INTRODUCTION.. 2
METHODOLOGY.. 3
LEGAL METHODOLOGY IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING THE
INTEGRATION PROCESSES. 3
INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH METHOD OF INTEGRATION.. 4
THEORY.. 7
THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATION IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. 7
1. The relevance of integration processes. 9
1.1 The main goals of integration. 9
1.2 Integration processes in the post-Soviet space. 10
2. Conditions and factors for the development of
integration processes in the post-Soviet space. 15
2.1 Prerequisites for integration processes in the
post-Soviet space. 15
2.2 Incentives and stages of post-Soviet integration. 23
3.1 Domestic policy and integration. 27
3.2 Manipulation and reliability of obligations. 29
3.3 Competition of jurisdictions. 35
CONCLUSION.. 38
Bibliography. 40

Введение:

Today, the active participation
and role of any country in the world economy is determined not only and not so
much by economic potential, performance and national growth indicators, but by
the efficiency of work at the level of interstate and supranational
organizations and associations, and the degree of integration into them.
Therefore, the most important task facing Russia is the formation of effective
relationships, multi-vector cooperation and effective interaction with other
countries and associations. This task is most important and in demand on the
territory of the CIS — acting as a kind of economic and political bridge
between the largest integration associations of Europe and Asia, providing an
opportunity to preserve and enhance the traditions of joint activities with the
global needs of modernity. So, on the one hand, the CIS is the sphere of
strategic interests of Russia, on the other, Russia itself is a zone of
national interests of the Commonwealth states, which forms the unity of common
interests and opportunities for further development.

The paper analyzes the historical
retrospective of integration processes in the post-Soviet space, examines the
ways and prospects for their further development. It also examines in detail
the problems of the formation and functioning of Eurasian cooperation, the
effectiveness of interaction with individual states, analyzes the causes of
failures, emphasizes joint achievements, note the prospects for integration processes
between various CIS countries and give practical recommendations to increase
their effectiveness in the post-Soviet space.

Заключение:

So, summing up, we can draw the
following conclusions. Integration in the post-Soviet space is based on such
objective factors as the division of labor that developed in the past,
technological interdependence, and elements of a common cultural and
civilizational space.

The integration process within
the framework of the post-Soviet space in many respects begins, as it were,
from a new mark. This is largely due to the fact that, by its very nature, the
agreement on the Commonwealth of Independent States has a dual orientation. On
the one hand, it is aimed at the final dismantling of old economic structures,
on the other, it provides for the organization of qualitatively new relations
between sovereign states, the formation and maintenance of a single economic
(market) space.

The results of integration in the
post-Soviet space turned out to be contradictory: many agreements were reached,
but most of them were not implemented. At the same time, the Commonwealth did
not disintegrate and, on the whole, proved the expediency of its existence.

The economic transformations
carried out in the newly independent states have given rise to the need to
develop a new (market) mechanism for maintaining production and economic ties,
transforming them into interstate ones. Trade and economic relations in these
conditions should be coordinated with the socio-economic reforms that the CIS
countries have embarked on, with their striving to take into account the norms
of "foreign economic behavior" adopted in world trade practice as
much as possible.

At the present stage of
integration, it is advisable not to oppose multilateral cooperation and
bilateral ties, but, on the contrary, to make fuller use of the potential of
the latter, since bilateral mechanisms are more specific, simpler and allow not
only to better coordinate the interests of partners, but also to better prepare
and implement multilateral cooperation.

As for the use of multilateral
forms, there are enough possibilities here:

— Restoration of multi-link
technological chains with the participation of cooperating firms from different
CIS countries;

— Carrying out a coordinated
investment policy based on the use of new organizational forms: transnational
joint stock companies, holdings, joint ventures, transnational corporations;

— Creation of joint investment
funds with the allocation of priority areas of their use;

— Coordination and implementation
of an agreed structural policy with selective support of the most priority
sectors and types of production;

— the gradual creation of a
payment union, starting with the normalization of bilateral payment and
settlement relations between the CIS states, organizing the work of the Interstate
Bank to create a system and ending with the implementation in the future of an
agreed (and then a single) monetary and foreign exchange policy.

As far as one can
judge, the political regimes of the post-Soviet countries have a significant
impact on the prospects for regional economic integration in the CIS. However,
the nature of this impact is ambiguous. We have considered four possible
channels of communication between political systems and the peculiarities of
the integration process: the role of domestic policy in the process of shaping
decisions in the field of integration; the problem of fulfilling obligations
and manipulation; the role of mutual support for non-democratic regimes; and
the role of jurisdictional competition as a mechanism to enhance the quality of
government economic policy. In all four cases, the specific mechanisms of
interaction between political regimes and integration processes may differ
significantly. No fewer questions remain from the normative

Фрагмент текста работы:

METHODOLOGY

This part of the dissertation is focused on
research methods (when are they used and the differences between them,
advantages and disadvantages, and challenges.

LEGAL METHODOLOGY IN THE PROCESS OF
STUDYING THE INTEGRATION PROCESSES

Methodology is understood as a
philosophical teaching on the methods of cognition and transformation of
reality, the application of the principles of worldview to the process of
cognition, spiritual creativity and practice. The science of methods arose and
developed as an aspect of the philosophical understanding of the world from the
point of view of a critical study of the methods of cognition — both general
philosophical and specific scientific. At the same time, philosophers not only
developed certain methods on the basis of generalizing the development of
science and creativity in general, but also theoretically substantiated them,
revealed their place in the system of means of knowledge, the relationship of
methods of various sciences[1].

The methodology of jurisprudence,
being a system of approaches, methods and methods of scientific knowledge of
the state and law, allows you to "delimit" legal science from other
socio-humanitarian sciences. For example, only legal sciences have a special
formal legal (or dogmatic) method, the essence of which is in the study of
legal facts and legal texts, their interpretation using special legal terms and
constructions. This method involves the study of law as such, without regard to
economics, politics, morality and other social phenomena. With the help of it,
categories and concepts of jurisprudence are formulated, for example, the
subject of law, the rule of law, legal relationship, legal responsibility, law
and order, etc. According to V.M. Syrykh, all the variety of methods of
cognition of law can be divided into four types: the method of materialistic
dialectics, general techniques (analysis and synthesis, induction and
deduction, analogy, comparison, etc.), special (statistical, mathematical,
cybernetic, etc.) and private law (formal logical and comparative legal) method[2].
The methodology is not only a set of methods for the scientific analysis of
legal and state matter, but also involves the expression of the ideological
position of the researcher on a particular problem. The construction of the
whole picture of scientific research depends on the initial methodological
setting of the author (this can be applied to a dissertation, and to a
monograph, and to a scientific article, and to a scientific report, etc.). So,
in the science of international law, there is an ongoing dispute about the
relationship between public international law and private international law.
Recognition of the integrity and unity of the system of international
communication provided by international law (which in this case includes both
private law and public law relations) allows us to classify not only states and
international organizations as subjects of international law, but also
individuals and legal entities.

The
"classical" concept, which defines the subject of regulation of
international law as interstate, inter-governmental and public-law relations,
presupposes the introduction of states, international organizations, into the
subjects of international law; peoples and nations fighting for self-determination
and state-like formations. And this is not the only illustration of theoretical
discrepancies due to different methodological positions of researchers. Thus,
the initial methodological premise and ideological attitude of the scientist [1] Философская энциклопедия: в 5 т. / под ред. Ф. В.
Константинова. М., 1960—1970 [2] Сырых В. М. Логические основания общей теории
права: в 2 т.Т. 1. М., 2001.С. 368.