Курсовая с практикой на тему Translation of Proper Nouns in Computer Games from English into Russian (based on The Sims 3 game)

Содержание:

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.. 3
CHAPTER 1. THEORY OF TRANSLATION OF
PROPER NAMES. 5
1.1 Proper name and ways to translate it into target
language. 5
1.1.1 Onomastics as a branch of
linguistics. 5
1.1.2 Differences between proper names and
common nouns. 6
1.1.3 The history studying the
problem of proper name. 7
1.1.4 Semantic features of a proper
name. 8
1.1.5 Proper
name functions. 9
1.1. 6 Proper
name classification. 10
1.2. Ways of translating a proper
name to the target language. 13
1.2.1. Types of translations and translation techniques. 13
1.2.2. Transliteration. 14
1.2.3. Transcription. 16
1.2.4 Calquing. 18
Summary. 19
CHAPTER 2. ANALYSIS OF THE
TRANSLATION FEATURES OF PROPER NAMES (BASED ON THE GAME "SIMS 3") 21
2.1 Analysis of applying transcription. 21
2.2 Analysis of applying transliteration. 25
2.3 Analysis of applying calquing. 26
Summary. 30
CONCLUSION.. 32
REFERENCES. 34
APPENDIX.. 37

Введение:

INTRODUCTION The proper name is an important aspect of culture and language. It,
despite the simplicity of its form, carries a lot of information that is of
value both within the framework of linguistic and linguistic and culturological
studies. As a rule, proper names are marked not only culturally, but also
historically, that is, they reflect a certain era in the history of the
country, language, culture. At the same time, proper names form the desired
images, they are also used in modern computer games, which also reflects the
features of the characters.

All these features of a proper name greatly complicate its translation
into a foreign language. Despite the simplicity of the form, the search for an
adequate variant of the transfer of a proper name is often a difficult
translation task. The task of a translator when working with a proper name is
not only to correctly reflect the graphic or sound design of this lexical unit,
but also to take into account the general context of its existence. The problem
of transferring a proper name often lies in the fact that it has a special
semantic structure, has deep etymological roots, which make it possible to more
fully reveal its meaning. The relevance of the topic of this study lies in
the fact that in modern translation practice there are many examples of the
erroneous transfer of a proper name in the translation process. Such errors are
expressed both in the incorrect transfer of the sound or graphic form of a
proper name, concentration on the transfer of the internal form to the
detriment of the general euphony, as well as in attempts to form new lexical
units when an established translation version already exists in the target
language, and the use of a translation "neologism" only complicates
the perception of the text by the reader. The topic of this study is also
relevant because proper names are widely represented in any text, therefore,
the study of the principles of their translation is important in the context of
translating texts of a wide range of professional fields. The object of this study is proper names. The subject of this study is the transfer of
proper names from English into Russian on the material of the computer game
Sims 3. The objective of this study is to analyze the
methods of transferring proper names when translating from English into Russian.

Заключение:

CONCLUSION To sum up, the problem of studying proper names in
linguistic research has a rich history. Proper names as a scientific problem
are studied in the context of onomastics, which considers the characteristic
features of proper names in the lexical system of the language. A proper name
performs certain functions in the language, while correlating with the cultural
and historical context and the characteristics of the development of society.
The functions are nominative, emotionally expressive, communicative,
legalization ones. The variety of approaches to considering the role and place
of a proper name in a language within the framework of linguistic research also
underlies several approaches to the classification of proper names. This
problem was most fully covered in the studies of A.V. Superanskaya, who
proposed several classifications based on various features. Transcription and transliteration are methods of
transferring the form of units of the original text through the letters of the
target language. Transcription implies the transfer of the sound form of a
foreign word, and transliteration — its letter form. Due to the fact that
phonetic and graphic forms differ significantly from each other, the recreation
of the form can be relatively approximate. In particular, as part of the
translation into Russian, the most common elements of transliteration are contained
in the transliteration of some unpronounceable consonants and reduced vowels,
the transfer of double consonants between vowels and at the end of words after
vowels, and the transfer of some features of the spelling of the word, which
allows to most accurately convey the sound of the word in the translation.
Transcription and transliteration are used when working with proper names and
toponyms. Transliteration plays an important role in the
transmission of realia and proper names. It represents the preservation of the
literal form of the word, its graphic transmission by the letters of the target
language. This method of transferring proper names from one language to another
was the very first that was used in the practice of translation, but often
significant errors and distortions were made in its application.

Фрагмент текста работы:

1.1.1 Onomastics
as a branch of linguistics Onomastics is a branch of linguistics that studies any
proper names [35],
the history of their emergence and transformation as a result of long-term use
in the original language or in connection with borrowing from other languages.
In a narrower sense, onomastics are proper names of various types. Most of the proper names originated as words with a
specific meaning. And this is precisely their key feature: they carry
information about culture, era, people. Not only linguists, but also literary critics, historians,
geographers, psychologists are engaged in the study of proper names. Historians
study the names in order to find confirmation of certain events of the past,
any settlements and migration routes of the population. Philologists study them
in order to find evidence of the existence of early forms of the language, as
well as lost languages. Linguists try to prove the development of language.
Lexicographers study them to confirm the presence of words and their meanings.
Sociologists use names as evidence of social change. Genealogists use them to
study family histories. Psychologists consider them in order to study the
functions of memory. Literary critics research names to interpret novels,
plays, poems, and songs. It is difficult to find any subject, in particular in
the field of art and social sciences, where the study of names would not be
relevant [45]. D. I. Yermolovich points out that a characteristic
feature of the subject of onomastics is that it is inherently purely
linguistic, but at the same time includes ethnographic, historical,
geographical, sociological and literary components. And it is a comprehensive
study of these aspects that allows us to fully determine the specific features
of a particular proper name, its etymology, as well as the reasons and context
for the formation of this proper name [13].