Курсовая с практикой на тему Сложноподчинённые предложения в английском языке на примере произведения «Великий Гэтсби»

Содержание:

Introduction. 3

Chapter 1. Complex sentences
in English language. 4

1.1 The notion of sentence. 4

1.2 Types of complex
sentences, their coordinating conjunctions. 7

1.2.1 Subject clause. 7

1.2.2 Predicative clause. 8

1.2.3 Object clause. 8

1.2.4 Attributive clause. 9

1.2.5 Adverbial clause. 10

Chapter 2. Complex sentences
in the “Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald. 13

2.1 Literary
text as an object of linguistic research. 13

2.2 Types of complex sentences
in the “Great Gatsby”. 15

Conclusion. 21

References. 22

Введение:

The relevance of the study: To
fill our speech with beauty and variety, we use complex sentence structures
every day. But to say beautifully is one thing, but to write and draw up such
proposals is another. Therefore, everyone should know what complex sentences
exist, know their types, and correctly place punctuation marks. After all, a
lot of things depend on it.

The aim of the work is to study
the complex sentences in the English on the material on the novel “The Great
Gatsby” (by F. Scott Fitzgerald).

To achieve this
aim, we set some tasks:

1. To study the notion of
sentence;

2. To analyze types of complex
sentences, their coordinating conjunctions:

— Subject clause;

— Predicative clause;

— Object clause;

— Attributive clause;

— Adverbial clause; 3. To analyze complex
sentences in the “Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald.

The object of the research is the complex sentences in the English.

The subject of the research is the
complex sentences in the English on the material on the novel “The Great
Gatsby” (by F. Scott Fitzgerald).

The methods that were used: analysis, systematization,
classification.

The material of the study is the original text of the novel “The Great Gatsby”
by F. Scott Fitzgerald. We analyze 50 examples of complex sentences in the
“Great Gatsby”.

The practical value of this work is that its results can
be used in courses of practical English grammar.

The structure of this work consists of an introduction, two chapters, conclusion,
and bibliography.

Заключение:

Russian grammar is not very similar to the
grammar of the English language, but an English sentence can be compared with a
Russian sentence. It can also be complex, and include the main sentence and the
clause. A complex sentence is a sentence with at least one dependent clause. The
clause can stand anywhere in the sentence – both at the beginning and at the
end, that is, after the main sentence. The complex sentences form an important
part of the English language. Not every thought can be expressed using simple
sentences, since the relationships between objects in the real world are quite
complex. The use of a conjunction is one of the main ways to link the dependent
clauses of a complex sentence. There are a lot of coordinating conjunctions – “as”,
“if”, “as soon as”, “that”, “after”, “for”, etc. It is worth noting that the
ways of connecting two sentences can be very different. These can be not only
conjunctions, but punctuation marks, and other means.

Complex English sentences are numerous;
there are subject, predicative, attributive, object, and adverbial clauses. Subject
clauses perform the function of subject to the predicate. Predicate clauses
perform the function of a predicate, object clause – the one of an object. All
of them play an important role in the English language, but it can be noted
that they adverbial clauses are the most numerous and complex, since they
describe the method of action, its causes, goals and results.

In the second chapter of the work, we
turned to the study of the complex sentences in the novel "The Great
Gatsby". This is a classic book and a cultural touchstone, the story of unrequited love and the
failure of the American Dream resonated with the people all across the world. We
found a significant number of complex sentences in the novel "The Great
Gatsby". The author is using predicative clauses, object clauses with conjunctions “that”, attributive
clauses that can be introduced by relative pronouns
“who”, “which”, “that”, clauses of time and
place, clauses of manner and comparison with conjunctions “as if”, clauses of cause, clauses of result, clauses of
concession. In the whole, 46% are adverbial clauses
(mainly clauses of manner and comparison with “as if”), 27% are object clauses
and 27% are attributive clauses. Subject clauses are few, predicative clauses
are few, so we didn’t manage to find them in the text. Clauses of manner and
comparison with conjunctions “as if” are an
important part of the text of “The Great Gatsby”.

So, complex sentences play a great role in
fiction. By combining parts of a sentence into one, the writer of “The Great
Gatsby” complicates the text, thereby making it more complete and more
beautiful.

Фрагмент текста работы:

Chapter 1. Complex sentences in English
language

1.1 The notion of sentence

For many years, scientists have been
studying syntax in English. A special place in his research is taken by the
question of a complex sentence. Like other languages, English cannot do without
the use of complex sentences, since with the help of them a person can convey
his or her idea to the listener without losing its meaning. According to the
work of M. Ya. Bloch "Theoretical foundations of Grammar", "A
sentence is an integral unit of a message, that is, a unit through which
information is directly transmitted from the speaker to the listener in the
process of speech communication" [4, p. 97].

The sentence is usually defined as a group
of words that express a complete idea, contain a statement, question, order, or
exclamation. For example: “He is a good boy”; “We won the match today”, etc.

So, the sentence can be considered to be a
group of words that contains a complete thought. The problem is that no one can
say what a "finished thought" is. In addition, "thought" is
usually understood as "logical thought", but it has long been proven
that logic and grammar are different concepts.

One-part sentences like "Don’t
smoke", "Get out" or even “Wow” are considered sentences,
although they do not express any logical judgment.

The full sentence requires at least one
subject and one predicate (verb). The verb in the sentence is more important
than the noun. Sometimes the subject in a sentence can be implied, but the verb
must be visible and present in the sentence.

Sometimes some additional requirements are
put forward to the proposal, for example, "integrity". But it is
impossible to define exactly the concept of "integrity".

However, the verb is in the center of the
sentence. Therefore, a sentence can be described as a group of words containing
a verb that expresses a thought in the form of a statement, question,
instruction or exclamation and begins with a capital letter when written.

Of course, there are also sentences
consisting of interjections: "No way", “Wow”. But these one-word
sentences are always addressed to someone, and serve to attract the attention
of the interlocutor to some things. That is, the verb is implied here ("No
way I will do that", “Wow, look at this”). It’s just not expressed.

So, the sentence should have three
characteristics:

First, in writing, a sentence begins with
a capital letter and ends with a period, a question mark, or an exclamation
mark.

Secondly, it should express a holistic
thought, not a fragmentary one.