Дипломная работа (ВКР) — бакалавр, специалист на тему «The influence of the English language on the psychological and mental portrait of a person (student)»

Содержание:

INTRODUCTION.. 3

CHAPTER I. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS
FOR STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND
MENTAL PORTRAIT OF A PERSON.. 7

1.1. Psychological and mental
characteristics of a person. 7

1.2. Features of the influence of a
foreign language on a person. 17

Summary of the first chapter 29

CHAPTER II. EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE
INFLUENCE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
PORTRAIT OF A STUDENT. 31

2.1. Organization and research
methods. 31

2.2. Analysis and interpretation of
research results. 35

Summary of the second chapter 46

CONCLUSION.. 47

REFERENCES. 48

Введение:

A foreign language as an academic subject, along with
the native language and literature, is included in the educational field
"Philology", laying the foundations of philological education and
forming the communicative culture of a student, in particular, a student.

The main conceptual provisions of developments in the
psychology of learning, as well as psycholinguistic research in the field of a
system-activity approach to learning and personality development, contribute to
an intensive psychological search for ways to solve the problem of the
formation and acquisition of knowledge, in particular, knowledge of foreign
languages.

The problem of the psychology of teaching a foreign
language is reflected in the works of many domestic and foreign scientists, in
particular, B.V. Belyaeva, T.O. Vdovina, L.Sh. Gegechkori, T.M. Dridze, A.
Kitaygorodskoy, Z.I. Krichnikova, R.P. Milrud, O.I. Nikiforova, L.V.
Putlyaeva, I.M. Rumyantseva, G.V. Chepeleva and others. An important basis for
the development of the problem of mastering lexical units based on
psycholinguistics is research, one way or another related to the psychology of
speech (M.M. Bakhtin, V. Humboldt, F. de Saussure, A.A. Potebnya, L. V.
Shcherba and others), the study of the relationship between language and
thinking (L.S. Vygotsky, S.L. Rubinshtein, M.I. Zhinkin, A.R. Luria, P.I.
Zinchenko and others) (Зимняя, 2001).

In modern psychology, there are a large number of
studies on the problem of the connection between thinking and memory in the
acquisition of knowledge, which cover it from various angles: genetic (P.P.
Blonsky, L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, etc.), activity (I.I. Zinchenko,
A.A. Smirnov, G.K. Sereda, V.Ya. Lyaudis and others), functional (V.P. Zinchenko,
B.M. Velichkovsky, H. Piaget, B. Inelder and etc.) (Зимняя, 2001).

Psycholinguistic problems on various aspects of speech
were covered by: J. Miller, N. Chomsky, R.M. Frumkina, V.M. Leontiev, L.V.
Sakharov, I.O. Zimnyaya, A.A. Leontiev, T.M. Dridze and others. Mostly
these works were studies in the field of theoretical psycholinguistics or
psycholinguistic aspects of learning a foreign language.

One of the possibilities for increasing the efficiency
of knowledge assimilation can be created through the special formation of
skills to operate with sign-symbolic means, as pointed out by N.G. Salman, as
well as a number of domestic and foreign researchers (G.M. Andreeva, L.V.
Aidarova, L.A. Venger, A.V. Brushlinsky, P.Ya. Galperin, A.R. Luria, B.F. Lomov,
B.D. Elkonin, F. Bressov, M. Denis, etc.) (Леонтьев, 1999).

Today there is a tendency to humanize education,
resulting in the abandonment of narrowly pragmatic goals of foreign language
teaching. Foreign language, including English, in modern educational concepts
appears as a reflection of a particular linguistic culture, as a means of
learning about the culture of another people and the assimilation of world
spiritual values. The current social order involves not just the formation of
students’ necessary skills and abilities, but acquaintance with the culture of
the country, its traditions, history and modernity through language.

The problem of finding modern effective approaches to
teaching foreign languages is relevant and reflected both in the works of
domestic and foreign scientists. However, the constant evolution of the public
order makes it necessary to further study the theoretical foundations of
various approaches and the specifics of their implementation in the learning
process.

Among methodologists, both domestic and foreign, it is
difficult to find those who are not involved in the study of approaches and
methods in teaching foreign languages. These are scientists such as N.
Galskova, N. Gez, S. Nikolaeva, A. Mirolyubov, Yu. Passov, A. Shchukin, C.
Brumfit, V. Litvuld and many others. The issues of applying the intercultural
approach in teaching foreign languages are devoted to the works of such
scientists as: I. Bakhov, N. Vasilyeva, N. Galskova, N. Gez, A.
Goncharova, G. Elizarova, M. Korochkina, A. Maslova, S. Ter-Minasova and many
others.

The essence and features of the implementation of
approaches to learning in some European countries became the subject of
research by such scientists as A. Kuznetsova (Great Britain), I. Pasynkova
(USA), V. Gamanyuk (Germany) and others.

An analysis of the identified literature allows us to
conclude that it is the intercultural approach that is most appropriate for
teaching a foreign language. This is due to the fact that the university course
is professionally oriented, so its tasks should be mainly determined by the
characteristics of speech and communication activities in situations of
business intercultural interaction. Regarding business culture, we should say
that both intercultural differences and their common features should be taken
into account, which will allow choosing the right strategy and tactics of
communication in intercultural business situations (Pluzhnik, 2003), and,
accordingly, prepare future professionals.

Relevance of the research
topic. Foreign language
teaching, which began in ancient times, has covered more and more segments of
the population of different countries of the world over the past centuries. The
first tutorials and textbooks on foreign languages appeared in the late Middle
Ages, and since then interest in learning foreign languages, in finding ways
and methods of teaching, and as a result, the creation of teaching aids has not
weakened. The languages of international communication (German and French in
the 18th and 19th centuries, and English in the 20th century) are used not only
in diplomacy, culture and education, but also in tourism, business and other
areas of human activity. In addition, a foreign language is a compulsory
subject of the educational programs of educational institutions (secondary and
higher) in most countries of the world.

Today, knowledge of a foreign language has become
vital for mutual understanding and communication of people, and socio-economic
and cultural trends in the development of society make it necessary to teach a
foreign language as an important means of intercultural communication.

The object of research is the process of teaching a foreign language.

Subject of study ‒ the influence of the English language on the
psychological and mental portrait of a person (student).

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the influence of the
English language on the psychological and mental portrait of a student.

Objectives of the study:

1. Consider the psychological and mental
characteristics of a person.

2. Describe the features of the influence of a foreign
language on a person.

3. Conduct an empirical study of the influence of the
english language on the psychological and psychological portrait of a student.

Research methods: analysis on the research topic; synthesis and
generalization; testing.

The theoretical basis of the study lies in the fact that the collected theoretical
material can be used in the further study of this problem.

The novelty of the study lies in the generalization of information on the
influence of the English language on the psychological and mental portrait of a
person.

The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the material collected by us
can be used in further development of this problem; as well as in the process
of teaching students a foreign language.

The structure of the work is determined by the purpose and objectives of the
study. The work consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion and a
list of references.

Заключение:

As a result of the study, the goal of this work was
achieved: the features of the influence of the English language on the
psychological and mental portrait of the student are revealed.

This goal was achieved as a result of solving a number
of research tasks:

1. The psychological and mental characteristics of a
person are considered. It was found that, the mental properties of the
personality, which are the foundation of its psychological structure and its
content, include orientation, abilities, character and temperament.

2. The features of the influence of a foreign language
on a person are characterized. It was concluded that the main purpose of a
foreign language is to assist students in mastering the skills and abilities to
communicate orally and in writing in accordance with the motive, goals and
social norms of speech behavior in typical areas and situations. The main goal
of teaching a foreign language is to form students’ communicative competence.

Mastering English by students involves exposure to
another culture and a significant influence of the mentality associated with
this culture.

Knowledge and study of the English language contributes
to the activation of cognitive activity, which, in turn, has a positive effect
on memory and other cognitive processes of a person.

3. An empirical study of the influence of the English
language on the psychological portrait of a student was carried out. It was
found that students studying English have a higher adaptive potential of the
individual, motivation to achieve success, and the level of academic
performance.

As a result of the empirical study, the connection
between the study of a foreign language and the portrait of students studying
it was confirmed. Among the students who took part in the study, it is students
who study English who have higher adaptive abilities of the individual and the
motivation to achieve success.

Фрагмент текста работы:

CHAPTER I. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR STUDYING THE
INFLUENCE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND MENTAL PORTRAIT OF A
PERSON

1.1. Psychological and mental characteristics of a
person The mental properties of a personality are the foundation of its
psychological structure, as well as its content. These include orientation,
ability, character and temperament.

The orientation of the personality is a psychological property that
expresses its needs, motives, perception of the world around, life
attitudes/goals, as well as activities. Man is a social being; therefore, he is
inextricably linked with the social environment in which he lives and without
which his existence is impossible. After all, he receives everything necessary
for his life from society – for this he conducts purposeful activities, during
which he is guided by certain goals / objectives. Human activity and the
actions that a person performs in society invariably have a subjective
certainty and always express something that requires satisfaction. Actions are
also a manifestation of personality traits that have developed as a result of
upbringing and in the process of her life. That is, in the process of
committing them, a person’s attitude to society as a whole and to his own
activity in particular is manifested. It is the orientation that expresses in
an integrated form many of the abilities of the individual described above. We
can say that it focuses the main meaning of its actions and behavior.

Temperament is a mental property of a person, which is characterized by
the dynamics of the course of mental processes. Temperament reflects the
dynamic characteristics of human activity/behavior. This is expressed not only
in the final result, but also in the process of activity. According to I.P.
Pavlov, temperament is the genotype, that is, an innate (natural) feature of
the nervous system. Currently, the following features of the manifestation of
temperament are used in psychology: sensitivity (as hypersensitivity is called)
— it is judged by the least strength of external influences that is necessary
to cause a mental reaction; reactivity (that is, emotionality) — it is
determined by the strength of the emotional reaction of the individual, which
manifests itself in stimuli of the external and internal type; resistance
(otherwise — resistance) – refers to the resistance of the individual to
adverse conditions that inhibit its activity; rigidity-plasticity – the first
is characterized by inflexibility of adaptability to external conditions, the
second is completely opposite to it; extroversion / introversion – it can be
characterized by what most influences the reaction of the individual and its
activities, these can be external impressions of the current moment
(extroversion) or images, thoughts or ideas associated with the past / future
(introversion); excitability of attention — it is activated even with a minimal
degree of novelty of objects, personalities or phenomena that occur in reality
surrounding a person. Temperament is the result of a specially organized higher
nervous activity in the human cerebral cortex, the process of formation of
which proceeds under the influence of varying degrees of the ratio of two basic
nervous processes – excitation (functional activity of nerve cells and centers
of the cerebral cortex) and inhibition (attenuation of the activity of the same
elements). Excitation and inhibition are characterized by strength, balance and
mobility. The strength of these processes characterizes the human nervous
system from the point of view of its ability to withstand excitation, either
very long or very strong, without going into transcendental inhibition
(Райгородский, 1999).

The balance of nervous processes speaks of the peculiarities of the
correlation of the processes of excitation / inhibition of the personality. The
mobility of basic nervous processes is their ability to replace each other in a
fast mode. Human HNA is characterized by various combinations of these
parameters.